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diy:change-mac [2024/06/06 05:05] – [Manually, with ifconfig] Humphrey Boa-Gartdiy:change-mac [2024/08/06 05:48] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 On networks (such as your home network, or the wifi network at Starbucks) the MAC address is typically used by the network to identify and track individual machines. This means that your machine can be tracked not only every time it logs in to the same network, but it can be tracked across other networks as well. You can hinder this by changing your MAC address, or configuring it to use a **random MAC**. On networks (such as your home network, or the wifi network at Starbucks) the MAC address is typically used by the network to identify and track individual machines. This means that your machine can be tracked not only every time it logs in to the same network, but it can be tracked across other networks as well. You can hinder this by changing your MAC address, or configuring it to use a **random MAC**.
  
-There are more than just privacy benefits to changing your MAC address. Some networks which provide only a limited amount of free access for guests, can have the timer reset if you disconnect, clear your browser cookies/cache, and reconnect with a new MAC. This can get you around bans on some services as well.+There are more than just privacy benefits to changing your MAC address. Some networks which provide only a limited amount of free access for guests, can have the timer reset if you disconnect, clear your browser cookies/cache, and reconnect with a new MAC. This can get you around bans on some services as well. Some ISP's may even reassign you a new IP address if you connect from a new MAC address.
  
 MAC addresses are typically burned into the firmware of the network controller from the factory. In the past, this sometimes made them very hard to change, but this is less of a problem with modern operating systems. MAC addresses are typically burned into the firmware of the network controller from the factory. In the past, this sometimes made them very hard to change, but this is less of a problem with modern operating systems.
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 Scroll down for instructions for your particular system. Scroll down for instructions for your particular system.
  
-===== Linux/BSD/Mac Instructions =====+===== Linux/BSD/macOS Instructions =====
  
 ==== Manually, with ifconfig ==== ==== Manually, with ifconfig ====
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 **ifconfig** (short for "interface config") is a command-line network management utility that has been in use on Unix-like systems since 1983. Many alternatives have come and gone, but ifconfig remains the de facto standard on most BSD, MacOS and Linux machines. **ifconfig** (short for "interface config") is a command-line network management utility that has been in use on Unix-like systems since 1983. Many alternatives have come and gone, but ifconfig remains the de facto standard on most BSD, MacOS and Linux machines.
  
-Run ''ifconfig'' to find your network adapter name:+Run ''ifconfig'' in your [[tools:bash|shell]] to find your network adapter name:
  
   $ ifconfig   $ ifconfig
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 And it should output ''ether 00:e2:e3:e4:e5:e6'' instead of the value before. And it should output ''ether 00:e2:e3:e4:e5:e6'' instead of the value before.
 +
 +Note that this method **is not** persistent. Reboot to reset.
 +
 +==== Manual MAC Generation ====
  
 If you need help coming up with a random MAC, you can generate a string to use with this command: If you need help coming up with a random MAC, you can generate a string to use with this command:
  
   $ openssl rand -hex 6 | sed 's/\(..\)/\1:/g; s/.$//'   $ openssl rand -hex 6 | sed 's/\(..\)/\1:/g; s/.$//'
- 
-Note that this method **is not** persistent. Reboot to reset. 
  
 ===== Linux Instructions ===== ===== Linux Instructions =====
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 Most of you using Linux will likely have **NetworkManager** installed already. To set-and-forget your machine to automatically generate & provide a **random MAC address** every time you connect to a network, save the following file to ''/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/'': Most of you using Linux will likely have **NetworkManager** installed already. To set-and-forget your machine to automatically generate & provide a **random MAC address** every time you connect to a network, save the following file to ''/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/'':
  
-<file conf random-mac.conf> +<file conf /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/mac-randomization.conf> 
-############################################################## +######################################################### 
-## RANDOM MAC DROP-IN CONFIGURATION FILE FOR NETWORKMANAGER ## +## DROP-IN CONFIGURATION FILE FOR NETWORKMANAGER:      ## 
-## PROVIDED BY THE ANONYMOUS MILITARY INSTITUTE             ## +##    AUTOMATIC MAC RANDOMIZATION                      ## 
-## HTTPS://BESTPOINT.INSTITUTE/DIY/CHANGE-MAC               ## +## REQUISITIONED FROM THE ANONYMOUS MILITARY INSTITUTE ## 
-##############################################################+##    HTTPS://BESTPOINT.INSTITUTE/DIY/CHANGE-MAC       ## 
 +#########################################################
  
 [device-mac-randomization] [device-mac-randomization]
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 ==== Manually, with GNU MAC Changer ==== ==== Manually, with GNU MAC Changer ====
  
-Before NetworkManager had flawless MAC randomization built in, the preferred Linux utility was **GNU MAC Changer**. You can find it at [[github>alobbs/macchanger]], or for most Debian-based systems with ''apt install macchanger''.+Before NetworkManager had flawless MAC randomization built in, an extremely popular Linux utility was **GNU MAC Changer**. You can find it at [[github>alobbs/macchanger]], or for most Debian-based systems with ''apt install macchanger''.
  
-===== Mac Instructions ===== 
- 
-{{wst>expand}} 
  
 ===== Windows Instructions ===== ===== Windows Instructions =====
  
-{{wst>expand}}+==== Manually, with PowerShell ==== 
 + 
 +  - Open the **Command Prompt** or [[tools:powershell|PowerShell]] with administrator privileges. 
 +  - Use the ''netsh interface show interface'' command to get a list of network adapters on your system. 
 +  - Identify the network adapter for which you want to change the MAC address. 
 +  - To change the MAC address, use this command: ''netsh interface set interface <adapter name> newmac=<new MAC address>'' 
 +  - Replace ''<adapter name>'' with the name of the network adapter, and ''<new MAC address>'' with the desired MAC address (in the format xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx). 
 +  - Press **Enter** to execute the command. 
 +  - Restart your computer for the changes to take effect.
  
 ===== Android Instructions ===== ===== Android Instructions =====
  
-{{wst>expand}}+[{{ :diy:non-persistent-option.png|Non-persistent MAC randomization can be enabled in Developer Options, without rooting your Android device.}}] 
 + 
 +Changing your MAC address on Android is an ordeal which traditionally has involved rooting your phone. This isn't so much a problem anymore, as starting with Android 10, MAC address randomization is enabled by default. (You can double-check this if you hit the gear icon for your current wifi network, and look at the **Privacy** setting.) 
 + 
 +However, these randomized MAC addresses are //persistent//, meaning they are generated once for each wireless connection, and saved. Starting with Android 11, you can override this behavior, and force it to use //non-persistent// random addresses which constantly regenerate on a regular basis. 
 + 
 +To set-and-forget this option: 
 + 
 +  - In **Settings**, go to **System** and then **Developer options**. 
 +    - If **Developer options** is not available, then you must enable developer access first. 
 +    - Under **Settings**, go to **About phone**, and tap on **Build number** a bunch of times until it says you are a developer. 
 +  - Find the setting **"Wi-Fi non-persistent MAC randomization"** and enable it. 
 + 
 +//More info: [[https://source.android.com/docs/core/connect/wifi-mac-randomization-behavior|source.android.com]]//
  
 {{tag>Tutorials Security}} {{tag>Tutorials Security}}
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